Cu-based alloys have a wide range of applications in the electronics industry, communications industry, welding industries, etc. Regarding the type and percentage of the second phase, changing in the alloying elements has a significant effect on the mechanical and electrical properties of copper composites. The aim of the present work is to synthesize, investigate, and compare the micro-structure, micro-hardness, and electrical properties of different Cu-based nanocomposites. For this purpose, Cu-Al, Cu-Al2O3, Cu-Cr, and Cu-Ti were fabricated via ball milling of copper with 1, 3, and 6 weight percentages. The vial speed was 350 rpm and the ball-to-powder weight ratio was kept at 15:1. The milling process was performed at different times in Argon. Next, the prepared composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Based on XRD patterns, crystallite size, lattice strain, and lattice constant were calculated by Rietveld refinement using Maud software. The results show a decrease of crystallite size, and an increase of the internal strain and lattice constant by rising the alloying elements in all composites. Then, the produced powders compressed via the cold press and annealed at 650˚C. Finally; the micro-hardness and the electrical resistance of the manufactured tablets were measured. The results of these analyses show that micro-hardness is increased by enhancement of the reinforcement material, due to the rising of the work hardening. Cu-6wt%Ti with 312 Vickers and Cu-1wt%Al2O3 with 78 Vickers had the highest and lowest micro-hardness, respectively. Moreover, the results of the electrical resistance indicate a dramatic rise in the electrical resistance by increasing the amount of alloying material, which Cu-1wt%Al with 0.26 Ω had the highest electrical conductivity.

In the present work, the effects of alloying elements such as Mn and Mg on the potential and current capacity of Al-Zn-In anodes have been investigated. In order to prepare the samples, appropriate amounts of Mn (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 wt.%) and Mg (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 wt.%) was used. The alloying process was performed at 750OC. Electrochemical polarization and NACE standard methods were used to evaluate the anodic behavior, potential and current capacity of the anodes. It was found that addition of the 0.15 wt.% Mn and 2 wt.% Mg to the base alloy cause increasing efficiency up to 83 %. Under these conditions, corrosion and consumption of anode is homogeneous.

In the present work the effects of casting and mould temperatures have been studied on the potential and current capacity of Al-Zn-In anodes. It is shown that metallic moulds having higher temperatures could provide appropriate conditions for obtaining homogenous structures with minor defects. In this study, the casting or pouring temperatures considered are, 670, 710 and 750°C and mould temperatures selected are, 25, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500°C. Electrochemical polarization and NACE standard methods were employed to evaluate the anodic behavior, potential and current capacity of the anodes. Mould and pouring temperatures were found 400 and 670°C respectively at optimum conditions of anode operating, in which a fine structure, phase distribution and lack of casting faults are obtained. Some alloying elements such as Mg, Mn, Ti, Zr and Sr are added to the base alloy in order to improve its efficiency together with its capacity. In this work the influence of mould temperature and Al-Zn-In alloy at different concentrations of magnesium and manganese have been investigated. Magnesium variedfrom 0.5 to 3 wt.% and manganese varied from 0.01 to 0.3 wt.%. Magnesium addition about 2 wt.%, revealed that the anode consumption rate decreases from about 3.7 to 3.2 Kg.Ay-1 at 710°C casting temperature and 400°C mould temperature. With the addition of 2 wt.% Mg, anode capacity also increases and potential of this anode stands to about -1147 mV. Addition of Manganese, revealed the optimum condition is 0.15 wt.% Mn to reduce the anode consumption rate from about 3.7 to 3.3 Kg.Ay-1 at 710°C casting temperature and 400°C mould temperature. In this conditions anode capacity increases and potential of this anode stands to about -1142 mV.